Here are some common crops by plant family:
BRASSICAS: broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, turnips, radishes, kale, arugula
LEGUMES: beans, peas, peanuts
NIGHTSHADES: eggplant, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers
ALLIUMS: onions, garlic, shallots, chives, leeks
CARROT FAMILY: carrots, parsnips, celery, fennel, cilantro, parsley, dill
CUCURBITS: summer & winter squash, cucumbers, melons, pumpkin
GOOSEFOOT FAMILY: Swiss chard, spinach, beets
MISCELLANEOUS: fruit, mint, oregano, rosemary, sage, basil, lettuce, endive, escarole, cress, artichoke, corn (which is actually a grain), asparagus, okra, chicory
This information will be helpful when you create your garden plan and utilize crop rotation.